Experiment No.: 04
Experiment Name:
Prepare wiring installation on a board from the commencement of supply showing energy meter, MCB, control of one lamp, one fan and one socket from one switch board in PVC surface conduit wiring system.
Objective:
- To prepare a wiring installation from the commencement of supply.
- To connect an energy meter, MCB, one lamp, one fan, and one socket from a single switch board.
Theory:
In this experiment, the electrical supply first passes through the energy meter, which measures energy consumption. The supply then goes to the MCB, which protects the circuit from overload and short circuit. From the MCB, the phase wire is taken to the switch board.
The switch board has separate switches for the lamp, fan, and socket. The fan is connected through a regulator to control its speed. The neutral wire is connected directly to all loads, and the earth wire is connected to the socket and other metal parts for safety.
PVC surface conduit wiring is commonly used because it is neat, easy to install, and protects the wires from damage.
Advantages of PVC Surface Conduit Wiring:
- Provides good protection to wires.
- Gives a neat appearance.
- Easy to repair and maintain.
- Suitable for residential and commercial wiring.
- Wires can be replaced easily when required.
Apparatus Used:
| Sl. No. | Tools Required | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Insulated Screwdriver | 1 |
| 2 | Line Tester | 1 |
| 3 | Combination Plier | 1 |
| 4 | Cutting Plier | 1 |
| 5 | Wire Stripper | 1 |
| 6 | Hammer | 1 |
| 7 | Hand saw | 1 |
| 8 | Measuring Tape | 1 |
Wiring Diagram:
Connection Flow:
Supply → Energy Meter → MCB → Switch Board → Lamp / Fan (with Regulator) / Socket
Materials Required:
ESTIMATE
| Sl. No. | Particulars | Specification | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Energy Meter | Single Phase with Neutral | 1 |
| 2 | MCB | Double Pole, 16A, 240V | 1 |
| 3 | Switch Board | 6″ X 4″ PVC | 1 |
| 4 | One-Way Switch | 6A, 240V | 3 |
| 5 | Fan Regulator | Smooth control type | 1 |
| 6 | Lamp Holder | B22, Pendent Type Holder | 1 |
| 7 | LED/Lamp | 9W, 230 V | 1 |
| 8 | Ceiling Fan | Sweep:1200mm, 230 V | 1 |
| 9 | 3-Pin Socket | 6A, 240V | 1 |
| 10 | PVC Conduit | 20mm, PVC | 3 ft. |
| 11 | PVC Bends | 20mm, L, T, I joint | As Required |
| 12 | PVC Saddle | 20mm | As Required |
| 13 | Cable | 1.0 sq.mm, 1100V grade, PVC insulated, Copper stranded | Red & Black 2m each |
| 14 | Cable | 0.5 sq.mm, 1100V grade, PVC insulated, Copper stranded | Green 2m |
| 15 | Junction Box | PVC | 1 |
*The material list follows the standard setup used for this practical.
Procedure:
- Collect all required tools and materials.
- Mark the positions of the energy meter, MCB, switch board, lamp, fan, socket, and conduit.
- Cut the PVC conduit to the required length.
- Fix the conduit on the board using PVC clips.
- Mount the energy meter, MCB, switch board, lamp holder, fan regulator, and socket.
- Pull the phase, neutral, and earth wires through the conduit.
- Connect the wires according to the wiring diagram.
- Tighten all terminals properly.
- Check the wiring carefully before giving supply.
- Switch ON the MCB and test the lamp, fan, and socket individually.
Observation Table:
| Load | Test | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Lamp | ON/OFF by switch | OK |
| Fan | ON/OFF and speed controlled by regulator | OK |
| Socket | Supply available, phase detected on right side pin | OK |
Precautions:
1. Switch OFF the power before making connections.
2. Use insulated tools only.
3. Tighten all terminals properly.
4. Keep the wiring inside the PVC conduit.
5. Never touch live conductors with bare hands.
6. Check the MCB before energizing the circuit.
7. Ensure the phase is on the right side terminal of the socket.
Viva Questions:
- What is the function of an energy meter?
- Why is an MCB used?
- Why is a fan regulator connected in series with the fan?
- What is the standard size of PVC conduit used in this experiment?
- Why is the earth wire connected to the socket?
- What is the difference between phase and neutral wires?
- Why are PVC clips used?
- What happens if the MCB trips?
- Why should the wiring be checked before giving supply?
- Name one advantage of PVC surface conduit wiring.
Conclusion:
By performing this experiment, we learned how to prepare a complete wiring installation from the commencement of supply using an energy meter, MCB, and a single switch board to control one lamp, one fan, and one socket through a PVC surface conduit wiring system.
